Left Bank Review - The Crisis and Opportunity

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Hirsch Jr., E.D., Joseph F. Kett and James Trefil. "Harlem Renaissance." The Dictionary_of Cultural Literacy. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, 1993. 123.

Holmes, Eugene. "Jean Toomer--Apostle of Beauty." Opportunity Aug., 1932: 252+.

Hutchinson, George. "Identity in Motion: Placing Cane."
Jean Toomer and the Harlem Renaissance. Ed. Genevieve Fabre and Michel Feith. New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press, 2001.

Kramer, Victor A. Ed.,
The Harlem Renaissance Re-examined.  No. 2. New York: AMS Press, 1987.

Margolies, Edward.
Native Sons: A Critical Study of Twentieth-Century Negro American Authors.
Philadelphia: Lippincott, 1968: 39.

Nichols, John. "NAACP's CRISIS Helped Forge the Harlem Renaissance."
Capital Times 19 Feb. 1999: 11A.

Pedersen, Carl. "The Harlem Renaissance and the American Twenties."
American Studies in Scandinavia. Vol. 19, 1987: 1-12.

Scruggs, Charles and Lee Van Demarr.
Jean Toomer and the Terrors of_American History. Philadelphia: University of Pennyslvania Press: 1998.

Turner, Darwin T. Introduction.
Cane. By Jean Toomer. New York: Liveright Publishing Corporation. 1975.

Wilson, Sondra Kathryn.
The Crisis Reader. New York: Random House Inc.: 1999.

The Opportunity Reader. New York: Random House Inc.: 1999.

Wintz, Cary D., Ed. The Harlem Renaissance 1920-1940, The Critics and the Harlem Renaissance. New York & London: Garland Publishing, Inc., 1996.

The Crisis Reader: Stories, Poetry and Essays

The Harlem Renaissance in Black and White

I swear to the Lord,
I still can't see,
Why Democracy means,
Everybody but me.

--Langston Hughes fromThe Black Man Speaks, in Jim Crow's Last Stand

The New Negro

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